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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*o":(j)- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to think, understand face="Times New Roman Star"äóìàòü, ïîíèìàòü face="Times New Roman Star"o"- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"o"- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"j- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 2-3, VEWT 368. Derived is probably *o":-g 'thought', *o":g-re- 'to learn' (see ÝÑÒß 1, 496-498, 501-502, Stachowski 198, 252).
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"du"r- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to choose, to select face="Times New Roman Star"âûáèðàòü face="Times New Roman Star"u"du"r- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"d|u"r- (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"Osm. u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"(Xwar. ) u"d|u"r- (Qutb ), (MKypch.) u"r- (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"u"zu"r- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 368, EDT 67-68.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KUr(g)- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"food face="Times New Roman Star"ïèùà, åäà face="Times New Roman Star"xorús/ face="Times New Roman Star"Àøì. XVI, 226-227. Isolated in Chuvash, but having probable external parallels.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"n|u"c? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"larynx, windpipe face="Times New Roman Star"ãîðòàíü, äûõàòåëüíîå ãîðëî face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|u"c? (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"n|a"c? face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|u"-lu"k 'íàãðóäíîå óêðàøåíèå' (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"o|n|gac? face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|ga"c? face="Times New Roman Star"o"go"s face="Times New Roman Star"o":s 'ãðóäíàÿ êëåòêà' face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?, diL. o":c? (Leb.) face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|u"s, u"n|u"s face="Times New Roman Star"o":s? face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|o"c? face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|es? face="Times New Roman Star"u"n|a"s face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|es? face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 373, EDT 172, ÝÑÒß 1, 536, Ëåêñèêà 233.
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)arba- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to grope (for smth.) 2 to grasp (with hands or teeth) 3 to swim (grope through water with hands and feet) 4 to rake up face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàùóïûâàòü 2 õâàòàòü (ðóêàìè èëè çóáàìè) 3 ïëàâàòü (õâàòàòüñÿ çà âîäó ðóêàìè è íîãàìè) 4 ñãðåáàòü face="Times New Roman Star"qarva- (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qarva- (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kavra- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qarba- (Qutb ) face="Times New Roman Star"Gabra- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xarba- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qarba- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qarba- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xarba:- 2,3,4 face="Times New Roman Star"karba:- 'to row, swim' face="Times New Roman Star"qarban- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 646, VEWT 243, ÝÑÒß 5, 302-303, Ìóäðàê 103 (with a wrong attribution of Tuva xyr-). Despite Kal/. MEJ 42, Stachowski 139, forms like Yak. xarba:- are hardly borrowed < Mong. qarma- (on which see under *k`ar/a).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"k- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to fall down, bow down face="Times New Roman Star"ïàäàòü, ñêëîíÿòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"u"ku"s- 'to nod, fall asleep sitting' face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- face="Times New Roman Star"o"ko"j- 'to bow (forwards)' face="Times New Roman Star"o"ko"j- 'to bow (forwards)' face="Times New Roman Star"Stachowski 199.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kal- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 old man 2 to be tired 3 to be ? years old face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòàðèê 2 óñòàâàòü 3 èìåòü âîçðàñò face="Times New Roman Star"qal- (Orkh., YB ) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qal (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qal- 'to come to an end' (CCum .) face="Times New Roman Star"qala- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xoll-en 'slowly' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 224. EDT 615-616. Chuv. xullen is derived (by Tekin 1975 , 281) from PT *K(i)al/an| (v. sub *ki_ol/a ), but it rather belongs here.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kolu face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 period of time 2 originally face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïåðèîä âðåìåíè 2 ïåðâîíà÷àëüíî face="Times New Roman Star"qolu 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qolu 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 617, Ëåêñèêà 69-70, Clark 1977 , 148-149.
face="Times New Roman Star"*du"l/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"noon face="Times New Roman Star"ïîëäåíü face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"du"s? (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tus? face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"s? face="Times New Roman Star"du"s? (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"du"'s? face="Times New Roman Star"du"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 507, EDT 559, Ëåêñèêà 78-79. Turk. > Hung. de/l 'South, noon', see MNyTESz 1, 606-607.
face="Times New Roman Star"*opa face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"white powder, white lead face="Times New Roman Star"áåëûé ïîðîøîê, ñâèíöîâûå áåëèëà face="Times New Roman Star"opo (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"opo (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"opa (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"upa face="Times New Roman Star"upa face="Times New Roman Star"oba face="Times New Roman Star"obo face="Times New Roman Star"upa face="Times New Roman Star"opa face="Times New Roman Star"opa face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 363, EDT 6, ÝÑÒß 1, 465-466.
face="Times New Roman Star"*saj- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to slander, lie 2 slander, lie face="Times New Roman Star"1 êëåâåòàòü, ëãàòü 2 êëåâåòà, ëîæü face="Times New Roman Star"sajig| 'delirium' face="Times New Roman Star"sajg|a- 1, sajg|ax 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sajg|aq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"soj- 1, soj 2 face="Times New Roman Star"saj- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 395, ÝÑÒß 7, Àøì. XI, 160.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sakyrtka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tick face="Times New Roman Star"êëåù face="Times New Roman Star"saqyrqu (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sakyrg|a, dial. sag|ra face="Times New Roman Star"saqurg|a (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"saqyrtqy, saqartqy, saqatqy face="Times New Roman Star"saqyrtGa face="Times New Roman Star"sag|artxy face="Times New Roman Star"sartqa face="Times New Roman Star"sartqa face="Times New Roman Star"sax|syrg|a 'fly' face="Times New Roman Star"sarg|y face="Times New Roman Star"qasartqy face="Times New Roman Star"saqyrg|a face="Times New Roman Star"qasartqy face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 396, Ëåêñèêà 183, EDT 816.
face="Times New Roman Star"*To"mgek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"stump face="Times New Roman Star"ïåíü face="Times New Roman Star"tu"mge|k face="Times New Roman Star"to.ngak face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|n|e face="Times New Roman Star"dial. to"kbes? (Joki - Kyz.) face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|o"s? face="Times New Roman Star"t@m,t@meke face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|u"rga"s, to"gu"rga"s face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|u"rges face="Times New Roman Star"do"ho"s? face="Times New Roman Star"din|gek face="Times New Roman Star"t/du"n|ga"k, tu"mka"k face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|gek face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ngek face="Times New Roman Star"din|gek face="Times New Roman Star"to"ngek face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 493, ÝÑÒß 3, 279-281, Ôåäîòîâ 215, Stachowski 228.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sygyt- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to cry, weep 2 weeping face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïëàêàòü, ðûäàòü 2 ïëà÷ face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt (Orkh.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt 2 (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"sy:t 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"yta:- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yta:- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"syjt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 806, VEWT 415, ÝÑÒß 7, Stachowski 262.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kul/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a hairless spot (on horse's skin) face="Times New Roman Star"ïðîïëåøèíà (íà øêóðå ëîøàäè) face="Times New Roman Star"kus? face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 305.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Teb face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"trick, device face="Times New Roman Star"òðþê, øóòêà face="Times New Roman Star"teblig 'tricky' (Orkh., OUygh.), teb (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tev (MK ), tevlig 'tricky' (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 468, EDT 434.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tekir/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"level face="Times New Roman Star"ðîâíûé face="Times New Roman Star"tigez face="Times New Roman Star"tekiz (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tekiz face="Times New Roman Star"teki:z face="Times New Roman Star"tagúr face="Times New Roman Star"tegiz face="Times New Roman Star"tegis face="Times New Roman Star"tegis face="Times New Roman Star"tiged| face="Times New Roman Star"tegiz face="Times New Roman Star"tegis face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 468, 470. Ôåäîòîâ 2, 165-166 connects the Chuv. form with PT *takyr 'level, smooth' (which is possible if Chuv. < Tat.), in which case the Chuvash form should be removed from this etymology.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tylda- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to allow, refer to 2 reason, excuse face="Times New Roman Star"1 îáîñíîâûâàòü, ññûëàòüñÿ 2 ïðè÷èíà, ïîâîä face="Times New Roman Star"tylda- 1, tyldag| 2 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tylda- 1 (KB ), tyldag| 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"tyldaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dyldag| 2 (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 494 (but not derived from *dyl 'tongue'!).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAryk (?) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"unclear silhouette face="Times New Roman Star"íåÿñíûé ñèëóýò face="Times New Roman Star"baryq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"baryk, boruk 'darkness' face="Times New Roman Star"ÄÒÑ 84. A somewhat dubious etymon: the OT form is quoted from the Uzbek edition of MK , not confirmed by Clauson and Dizin; the sense of the passage is rather obscure; the Yak. form may be secondarily built on the basis of the borrowed baryj-, boruj- 'be badly visible'. But cf. perhaps Kirgh. (ep.) burqu 'variety'?
face="Times New Roman Star"*bal/tar face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sickle face="Times New Roman Star"ñåðï face="Times New Roman Star"bas?tar (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 378.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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